Beef Trade From the Middle East
Production
With 7 seas surrounding the region, including the Mediterranean, the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Aden, the Ruby-red Sea, the Black Body of water, the Caspian Bounding main and the Arabian Sea, the Eye East is not short of sources for fresh seafood. Still, total production in the region amounts to simply 2.17% of the total worldwide production. Capture fisheries are characterized by a large number of small-calibration fishers, with information technology estimated that the small-scale sector provides near 80 to xc% of the total landings.
Since 1961, fish production has been gradually increasing at a growth rate of xvi%. Egypt is the biggest producer in both capture fisheries and aquaculture, supplying 40% of the total product in the Middle Eastward. This is followed by The Islamic Republic of Iran (21%), Turkey (xix%), Yemen (half dozen%), and Oman (five%). State of kuwait, Qatar, Syria, Lebanon and Jordan are the everyman producers.
As in the rest of the world, aquaculture's contribution to the Middle Eastward's total production has grown. This trend is stronger in the Heart East than in many other parts of the world. Indeed, in 2001, out of a total of 2.4 million tones in the Middle East, 78.6% was from capture fisheries while only 21.4 % was from aquaculture. In 2011, out of a total of three.4 million tonnes, 56% was from capture fisheries while 44% was contributed by aquaculture.
The chief aquaculture producers in the region are Egypt, Saudi arabia and The Islamic Commonwealth of Islamic republic of iran. In 2011, 72% of all production in Arab republic of egypt was from aquaculture, while Saudi Arabia and The Islamic Democracy of Islamic republic of iran produced 41% and 33% from aquaculture respectively. These aquaculture productions are mainly used for domestic consumption.
In terms of species, fresh water and diadromous species make up 46% of the fish species produced in the Middle East. This is mainly due to the aquaculture product in Egypt. In 2011, Nile tilapia production from Arab republic of egypt contributed to 18% of the total fisheries and aquaculture production in the Middle East at 610 000 tonnes. Interestingly, if Arab republic of egypt is not considered, pocket-sized pelagic species such equally sardines, anchovy and mackerel are the highest produced species in the Middle East.
Overall, production in the region is lower than need. To improve this situation, government back up of aquaculture production has been growing. In 2013, the Saudi Arabian Ministry building of Agronomics and Fisheries said it would provide USD 10.six billion for aquaculture projects with the goal of producing ane one thousand thousand tonnes of fish in the next 16 years. Similarly, the Sultanate of Oman appear it would provide USD 1.29 billion for fisheries development. The Ministry of Surroundings in Doha, Qatar, too has plans to boost production and is edifice a large fish breeding subcontract and research centers.
Consumption and consumer trends
The Centre East, especially the GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council) region (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and UAE), has seen a substantial ascension in per capita seafood consumption. The boilerplate per capita consumption for the Middle Due east in 2010 was 9.9 kg per year. When taking only the GCC region into consideration nonetheless, the average per capita consumption is significantly higher at 14.4 kg per yr. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Oman, seafood consumption is one of the highest worldwide, estimated at 28.half-dozen kg per year. Other countries in the region, such as in Qatar and Egypt, also accept loftier seafood consumption at 24.5 and 20.8 kg per year respectively.
Overall, small pelagic fish such as sardines and mackerel and large pelagic fish such as tuna and barracuda are the virtually highly consumed species throughout the Middle East. Freshwater species such equally tilapia and Nile perch are too pop and consumed significantly by the Egyptians, Iranians and the Iraqis. The richer oil producing GCC states highly value their local demersal species such as grouper, travelly, emperor and pomfret. Imports of high value seafood products such as scallops, shrimp, lobsters and caviar have increased equally a event of the growing economy and tourism sector.
As in other parts of the world, consumers in the Middle East are increasingly purchasing their seafood from supermarkets and shopping malls. Though non widely bachelor, online fish retail stores are besides a growing market presence, and work to deliver seafood directly to households in metropolitan cities such as Dubai.
In terms of preferences, an important cistron taken into consideration by the Middle Eastern consumer is whether it a product is subcontract raised or wild caught. A big section of consumers prefer wild caught due to the perception that it is more natural, fresh, tastier and healthier. Another emerging trend is consumer interest in sustainability. In the UAE, the regime launched a campaign in partnership with the WWF entitled "Choose Wisely", educating consumers on the sustainability of fish. Similar to other sustainability guides, the campaign provides consumers with a colour coded organization to provide data nigh which species are over exploited, considered sustainable or good alternatives. These colour codes take been placed in fish retail areas and on restaurant menus in the UAE
Government participation in marketing and trade is limited. The exception is in Yemen, where the regime holds strict control over production, marketing and pricing of fish. Since 2004, it has been mandated that all fish sold in Yemen be sold through official auctions where the regime levies a 3% charge plus another 5% service charge on the gross sale value. In other places such as Qatar, Republic of iraq, and Sultanate of oman, the regime has a suggested pricing model in place. In Sultanate of oman, hen the take hold of for locally consumed species, the government will enforce strict consign controls to maintain the local supply.
Fish and fishery product exports and imports
Fish and fishery production exports in the Centre East are minimal when comparison with the major global players. In 2009, USD 882 million exports were from the Middle E, which was merely 0.91% of the global value. Still, Middle Eastern exports are growing, especially later on the 1990's, when the average growth rate reached 16%. Pelagic fish such as sardines, anchovies, sprats and mackerels are the most exported products from the Middle East.
Republic of yemen and Oman, which produce 6% and five% of the total fisheries product in the region, are the leading exporting nations in the Middle East by volumes. Both countries have long coastlines, a very active angling sector and depression populations, resulting in loftier excess production that is then exported.
Turkey and The Islamic Republic of Iran are the other major exporters. Though Turkey does not export as much in volumes as Oman and Yemen, their export marketplace is valued college than both. This is mainly due to the fact that the land exports higher value species such equally seabass, seabream, trout and bluefin tuna to Europe.
Middle Eastern countries affiliated with the GCC impose very low import tariffs (i.due east. 0–v percent), and equally a result, inter-regional trade is potent. Currently, eight countries in the Middle East are allowed to consign to the EU, including Arab republic of egypt, The Islamic Commonwealth of Iran, Oman, Saudi arabia, Yemen, Turkey, Israel and UAE.
Combined imports in the Centre East is approximately three times greater than combined exports, with the volume of imports having increased at an average rate of 12.3% since 1980. In 2009, the fisheries import market in the Middle Eastward was worth effectually USD ane.vii billion occupying 1.69% of the global value. Countries in the region with large populations and potent economic growth are the biggest importers. Egypt has been one of the drivers of this growth, as the country has shown an average import growth rate of 12.viii% from 1980. UAE has also played a pregnant role, as it has experienced an almanac growth rate of 33.6% since 1999. Egypt, UAE and Saudi arabia combined brand up 62% of all the imports of fish and fishery products in the region.
Conclusions
Fisheries and aquaculture production in the Eye E is relatively small-scale and remains nether adult. Production from the region amounts to only 2% of the full earth production. Major producers are Arab republic of egypt, The Islamic Republic of Iran and Turkey, with Arab republic of egypt existence the largest producer every bit well as the largest importer. Oman and Yemen are the main exporters in the region, exporting more than than one-half of their production. The major importers are Egypt, Saudi Arabia and UAE. UAE, Saudi Arabia, State of kuwait and Qatar import several times more than than what they produce making the Gulf Cooperation Council states (GCC) a highly import dependant region.
Source: https://www.fao.org/in-action/globefish/fishery-information/resource-detail/en/c/338542/
0 Response to "Beef Trade From the Middle East"
Post a Comment